Medieval History

Medieval History

Turning the Pages ★★★★☆
Turning the Pages is an award-winning interactive display system developed by The British Library to increase public access and enjoyment of some of its most valuable treasures. Visitors are able to virtually “turn” the pages of manuscripts in a realistic way, using touch-screen technology and animation. There are currently fifteen treasures on display in Turning the Pages and several coincide with the Medieval period: Pinnacle of Anglo-Saxon Art depicts the priceless Lindisfarne Gospels, one of the most magnificent manuscripts of the early Middle Ages. The Lisbon Hebrew Bible depicts Jewish cultural life in Portugal prior to expulsion and forced conversions in December 1496. The Sherborne Missal is the largest, late medieval service book to have survived the Reformation intact. The Golden Haggadah is one of the finest of the surviving Haggadah manuscripts from medieval Spain. These vivid, striking displays are a must-see. Requires free Shockwave plug-in.

Shut Up: Quarantine and Social Distancing During Tudor Epidemics ★★★★☆
How did Tudor England react to infectious outbreaks like “sweating sickness” and the plague? In this talk presented by Dr. Euan Roger, the Principal Medieval Records Specialist at the UK National Archives, students will learn about Henry VIII’s attitudes to infectious disease, Tudor social distancing, and the introduction of the first government quarantine measures in 1517. Roger also explains the varied and often hostile reactions that people had to these new measures once they were put into effect.

Labyrinth: Medieval Resources ★★★★☆
This Georgetown University site features free, organized access to electronic resources in medieval studies. Among its offerings are bibliographies, a searchable index, links to special topics, and full-text versions of medieval works. You can search for various types of materials, such as video, maps, images, primary text, course, and more. The Labyrinth’s menus and links provide connections to databases, services, texts, and images on other servers.

The Byzantine Legacy ★★★★☆
The Byzantine Empire bridged the gap between ancient and early modern Europe. From its inception as the eastern half of the partitioned Roman Empire in the fourth century AD through to its final disappearance in the fifteenth century, Byzantium played the role of an economic, political, and cultural superpower. At “The Byzantine Legacy,” you will find a historical overview, timelines, maps, articles, and bibliographic material – all dedicated to this fascinating civilization. The site also features an extensive photographic gallery, which details some of the surviving examples of Byzantine architecture and public art – from Italy through to the empire’s heartland in modern Greece and Turkey. See the “Byzantine Cities” tab for an interactive map of the empire at its peak.

The Rise and Fall of the Byzantine Empire ★★★★☆
Most history books will tell you that the Roman Empire fell in the fifth century CE, but this would’ve come as a surprise to the millions who lived in the Roman Empire through the Middle Ages. This animated Ted-Ed video is an excellent introduction to the Byzantine Empire, and comes with discussion questions and a multiple-choice self-test.

Anna Komnena: The Princess who Rewrote History ★★★★☆
In this eye-catching TED-Ed animation, students are asked to examine the difficult task that Anna Komnena faced when writing the Alexiad: balancing her biases, a task with which any historian, modern or ancient, is expected to be familiar. Discussion questions and a short quiz are included.

Feminae: Medieval Women and Gender Index ★★★★☆
Feminae: Medieval Women and Gender Index covers journal articles, book reviews, and essays in books about women, sexuality, and gender during the Middle Ages. It is a searchable database complied by a dedicated team of librarians and scholars.

Internet Medieval Sourcebook ★★★★☆
The Internet History Sourcebooks are wonderful collections of public domain and copy-permitted historical texts for educational use by Paul Halsall. The site and its documents are well organized and the breadth of materials is impressive. The Internet Medieval Sourcebook is organized as three main index pages, with a number of supplementary documents. There is an index of selected and excerpted texts for teaching purposes, a help page on use of the Sourcebook for research questions, a section devoted to secondary articles, texts on the history of law, copy-permitted maps and images, a guide to medieval-themed films and music, and more. The Sourcebooks are unevenly maintained, so expect some broken links.

Spartacus Internet Encyclopedia ★★★★☆
This encyclopedia-style resource concentrates on British history from the medieval era on. Contains overviews, essays, images, on topics such as Medieval World and British History.

Tudor Encyclopedia ★★★★☆
The Tudor Encyclopedia is a collection of articles on the Tudor period. As well as 60 biographies, there are many other articles, including those on: the Battle of Bosworth, Act of Union, Agriculture and Enclosures, Anglicans and Puritans, The Babington Plot, Catholics and Protestants, Elizabethan Theatre, Elizabeth and Marriage, Henry VIII and the Pope, Kett Rebellion, Poverty in Tudor England, The Protestant Reformation, Pilgrimage of Grace, The Ridolfi Plot, The Spanish Armada, Sports and Pastimes, The Throckmorton Plot, Tobacco in Tudor England, Tudor Artists, Tudor Heretics, Tudor Monasteries, Tudor Parliaments, Tudor Wales, and the Tyndale Bible.

The Decameron Web ★★★★☆
This site is an interactive project by Brown University students designed to prompt investigation and discussion of the Decameron texts — stories from people escaping Florence at the time of the Plague. A “true encyclopedia” of early modern life and a “summa” of late medieval culture, the Decameron explores perennially human situations and dilemmas.

Site Officiel du Musée du Louvre ★★★★☆
At the official web site of the Louvre there are virtual tours of many galleries and exhibitions showcasing its 35,000 works of art. Of note is Thematic Trails : Decorative Arts in the Middle Ages which presents plaques and statuettes from the reign of Charlemagne, ivory and paten from Constantinople, among other objects. There is also a detailed history of the museum with the virtual tour and special focus on the Middle Ages. objects themselves are accessed through a list of individual collections, with selected works, history of the collection, and information about the galleries. The site also offers a Louvre Atlas search engine that allows users to locate any of the roughly 35,000 works of art exhibited in the museum.

Medieval Illuminated Manuscripts ★★★★☆
This web site from the National Library of the Netherlands and the Museum Meermanno-Westreenianum provides access to roughly 11,000 manuscript illuminations. These are searchable in several languages and are drawn mostly from the late medieval period (15th century). Note that only illuminations, not entire manuscripts, are accessible via this site.

De Re Militari: The Society for Medieval Military History ★★★★☆
This an academic association, representing scholars interested in medieval warfare. It offers an online resources section, with articles, primary texts and book reviews. broad portal useful for anyone interested in the technical, tactical, social, economic, political, religious, diplomatic, geographic, or gendered aspects of war. the Online Resources for Medieval Warfare section of the main site provides a rich treasury of materials accessible to teachers and students. The material is made up almost entirely of texts.

Medievalists.Net ★★★★☆
This medieval-oriented blog offers news, articles, videos and general information about the Middle Ages and medieval society. Posts include “Top Ten Medieval Stories of 2010,” “Christmas in the Middle Ages,” “The Black Death,” and “Dancing with Death: Warfare, Wounds and Disease in the Middle Ages,” among others.

BBC History: The Norman Conquest ★★★★☆
Take a look at events both before and after the Norman Conquest. This BBC site offers background, articles, multimedia, a chat forum, and more. Includes a Battle of Hastings game where users try different tactics available to William of Normandy and Harold Godwinson.

Medieval Warfare: Sources and Approaches ★★★★☆
This 50-minute National Archives podcast explores how records created before 1485 can be used to study medieval armies, campaigns and battles in Britain and France.

The Camelot Project ★★★★☆
The Camelot Project at the University of Rochester aims to make available in e-format texts, images, bibliographies, and basic information about King Arthur and his associated canon. The project explains the development of Arthurian legend and provides character information, showcases select images, authors, and texts, and suggests related links and guides.

BBC: Middle Ages ★★★★☆
This extensive BBC offering presents the Middle Ages as a period of “massive social change, burgeoning nationalism, international conflict, terrible natural disaster, climate change, rebellion, resistance and renaissance.” The site is essentially a series of extended essays by various academics accompanied by related images.There are seven main sections: Overview; Henry II; John and Richard; Hundred Years War, The Black Death, Richard II, House of Lancaster and York; and Art & Architecture. A useful introduction to the period, though lacking in user interactivity.

British Library: Illuminated Manuscripts ★★★★☆
This section of the British Library presents over 3,000 images from key manuscripts of the 8th to 15th centuries. Many are associated with particular places or regions across the British Isles. There is a curator introduction and personal highlights from the collection, including The Meeting Of Sir Lancelot and Queen Guinevere and The opening of St Luke’s Gospel in the Lindisfarne Gospels. Each manuscipt is accompanied by a brief introduction and can be view as zoomable Flash file and a printable image. You can also search the collection.

Mostly Medieval: Exploring the Middle Ages ★★★★☆
This web site provides information on diverse topics such as myths and legends, religion, and medicine in Britain during the Middle Ages. The main sections are Ballads, Beasties, Book of Days, God and War, and Heraldry. Additonal sections include a travelogue through northern England and southern Scotland, a download area for desktop wallpaper, backgrounds, letters, avatars, and a list of books for all ages. The Ballads section includes a synopsis of all historical ballads and the “Book of Days” explores holy days and celebrations throughout the months. Most sections provide an introduction to their respective topics. Little interactivity, but an informative and interesting introduction to medieval life in Britain.

Medieval History ★★★★☆
A popular introductory Web guide to Medieval History from ThoughtCo. Features a series of brief articles on related topics as well as a few recommended web sites.

The Gothic Ivory Project ★★★★☆
The Gothic Ivories Project from the Courtauld Institute of Art is an online database of ivory sculptures made in Western Europe ca. 1200-ca. 1530. There is an advanced search option and each entry is accompanied by at least one image, so you’ll get a sense of the varied ways ivory was used to create beautiful objects. You can also zoom in and elarge the images. Mind you, registration is required to access more advanced features of the site.

The Unicorn Tapestries ★★★★☆
The Unicorn Tapestries is a series of tapestries from 1495–1505 that depict a group of noblemen and hunters in pursuit of a unicorn. (They may have been commissioned by Anne of Brittany to celebrate her marriage to Charles VIII, King of France.) This web sites from the Metropolitan Museum of Art enables visitors to zoom in on the tapestries and provides the story of the hunt of the Unicorn. It also provides much information on various aspect of the tapestries.

Periodical Atlas of Europe ★★★★☆
The Periodical Atlas of Europe features 21 online maps showing the countries of Europe at the end of each century from year 1 to year 2000. Also includes a few images of historical sites.

Early British Kingdoms ★★★★☆
This informative web site presents the history of the Celtic nations emerging in Britain after the withdrawal of the Romans in the ‘Dark Ages’. Main sections include Kingdoms, Royalty, Arthur, Architecture, Saints, and Adversaries. Content includes introductory and background articles on kingdoms and related topics. There is also an ‘EBK for Kids’ area with topic outlines and kid-friendly clip art. This section — and the web site as a whole — provides much useful information, though lacks interactivity. Earlybritishkingdoms.com also has two sister-sites: Royal Berkshire History and May Family History.

The Gutenberg Bible at the Ranson Center ★★★★☆
The Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at the University of Texas at Austin has created an engaging site about the Bible and the printing process. Of special note is the “Anatomy of a Page” section where varied pages in the Gutenberg Bible are explored and explained.

British Library: The Unveiling of Britain ★★★★☆
Through this British Library collection visitors can see how Britain’s “shape and contours” were uncovered by the world between 800 and 1600. Included is a curator introduction with personal highlights from the collection, including Anglo-Saxon Mappa Mundi. The ‘Anglo-Saxon’ map sets out the boundaries of some Saxon kingdoms and identifies refuges of ancient Britons in Wales, Cumberland, Brittany and Cornwall. Each manuscipt is accompanied by a brief introduction and can be view as zoomable Flash file and a printable image. You can also search the collection.

Grands Sites Archeologiques (Great Archeology Sites) ★★★★☆
This web site from the French government presents 15 significant archaeological sites or topics from prehistory to the Middle Ages, with most located in France. Though written in French, many have English translations. Sections of note include an exploration of Saint-Denis, a major medieval town; a virtual pilgrim’s tour of the Abbey of St. Germaine in Auxerre; and the life of chavliers in a 10th-century agricultural settlement on the shores of Lake Paladru. There are also a few interactive games, such as a map exploration of Saint-Denis.

The Online Medieval and Classical Library ★★★☆☆
Part of the Berkeley Digital Library, OMACL is an extensive collection of some of the most important literary works of Classical and Medieval civilization. Most of the texts date from the medieval European period. Among the genres represented are Arthurian works, epics, romances, chronicles, historical works; mythology , and other primary-source literature. You may search all of the texts in this collection or browse by Title, Author, Genre, or Language.

International Joan of Arc Society ★★★☆☆
This is a scholarly web site that, among other objectives, produces texts and translations of the trials of Joan of Arc and . Most of the teaching document are course syllabi. There are maps of Joan’s journeys One of the more interesting sections presents numerous ways in which “high” art and popular culture have depicted Joan of Arc.

Monastic Matrix ★★★☆☆
This extensive database website explores the role of Christian women in the religion and society of medieval Europe. Its content includes profiles of women’s religious communities in medieval Europe; dozens of primary source texts; brief biographies of religious women; hundreds of images of architecture, sculpture, and book illumination and other objects. It also features a glossary and a listing of secondary sources.

Medieval Church ★★★☆☆
Medieval Church is an Internet resource for studying the Church of the Middle Ages. It provides detailed bibliographies, theological articles, and Web resources.

Hurstwic ★★★☆☆
This is an interesting introduction to Scandinavian life during the Viking Age. Major topics include Daily Life, Martial Arts, Shipbuilding, Language, Literature, Myths and Religion. The website essentially a series of clear and well-illustrated essays. With interesting subtopics like “Honor, Dueling, and Drengskapr,” and Viking grooming practices, you’re bound to learn something new about these feared European invaders.

The Catholic Encyclopedia ★★★☆☆
Features an extensive list of articles and short bios on numerous historic individuals associated with the Catholic Church. That said, it is not exclusively a church encyclopedia, nor is it limited to churchmen.

Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ★★★☆☆
The FMG’s goals include advancing public education in the study of medieval genealogy. To that end there is an “Open Access”‘ area with research guides and more access to resources if you register at the site. The Foundation is also developing a bibliographic dataset of secondary source material for medieval genealogy that includes books and journal articles in the library collection of the FMG.

Medieval and Renaissance Fact and Fiction ★★★☆☆
This page is meant to be a guide to resources available on the Web for people who are interested in the history, culture, literature, and re-creation of the Middle Ages and Renaissance.

Essays in Medieval History ★★★☆☆
There are 17 volumes of Essays in Medieval History from 1984 to 2000 available Published by the West Virginia University Press. EMS Volumes 18 to present are available only through Project MUSE, a paid subscription service.

The Bayeux Tapestry ★★★★☆
This ineractive site allows students to view annotated sections of the famous tapestry. The site also includes a brief history of the tapestry’s preservation, and a good number of interactive Flash activites.

Wars of Independence ★★★★☆
This BBC website includes an overview of Anglo-Scottish conflict plus detailed biographies of William Wallace and Robert the Bruce. It also discusses the Declaration of Arbroath, the most famous document in Scottish history.

Secrets of the Norman Invasion ★★★☆☆
This web site contains many articles on the landing of the Normans in England and provides several Domesday Maps that relate to the area where the Normans landed in 1066. It grew out of an enthusiast’s desire to know exactly where the Normans landed prior to the Battle of Hastings. Along with the maps are images and analyses of the Bayeux tapestry, arial surveys, and many misc. articles.

Rose & Chess ★★★☆☆
This web site from the University of Chicago explores two popular medieval texts — one a courtly romance, the other a treatise on medieval society. Along with full-color versions of Le Roman de la Rose (The Romance of the Rose) and Le Jeu des échecs moralisé (The Moralized Game of Chess) — which you can zoom in and out — there are brief essays that provide visitors with an understanding of the manuscripts’ historical origins and production.

Castles of Britain ★★★☆☆
This commercial service also offers much educational information, including an extensive castle photo gallery, castle trivia, information on myths, legends, and ghosts, and research tips.

Voices of the Powerless: Norman Conquest in York ★★★☆☆
This BBC site follows a long historical exploration of the Routes of English with Voices of the Powerless, in which Melvyn Bragg explores the lives of the ordinary working men and women of Britain at six critical moments across the last 1,000 years. This audio-episode deals with the decade following the conquest of the north of England and the notherners suffering from the retribution which William’s men inflicted – the so-called harrying of the north, which began in 1069.

Voices of the Powerless: The Peasant’s Revolt ★★★☆☆
This audio-episode deals with the Peasants’ Revolt that began in the Essex village of Fobbing in May 1381. Supported by men from nearby villages, the rebellion had begun.

Chronicon ★★★☆☆
Chronicon is an free online journal of medieval history, with a focus on Irish history, published by the History Department at Ireland’s University College, Cork. There are online volumes from 1997 to 2008 in PDF format.

Creating French Culture: Path to Royal Absolutism ★★★☆☆
Creating French Culture: Treasures from the Bibliotheque Nationale de France (via the Library of Congress) traces the political and cultural history of France from Charlemagne to Charles de Gaulle through more than 200 “treasures” from the Bibliothèque nationale de France. The choice of items “was dictated as much by their historical importance as by their artistic value in the hope that they will provide insight into, and spark curiosity about, the complex history of the United States’ oldest ally.” The Monarchs and Monasteries: (late 8th — late 15th centuries) section explores knowledge and power in Medieval France via sixteen primary source objects. Among the lovely illuminated manuscripts are prayer books and royal chronicles.

Medieval and Early Modern Data Bank ★★★☆☆
The Medieval and Early Modern Data Bank from Rutgers University provides access to data on European currency exchange and commodities prices from the 13th through the 18th centuries. There are five large data sets, three pertaining to currency exchanges and two pertaining to prices. Even if familiar with medieval European currencies, it behooves visitors to read the introduction before conducting a search of its extensive records.

The Murthy Hours ★★★☆☆
The Murthy Hours was written and illuminated in Paris in the 1280s and is was one of the most richly decorated manuscripts in medieval Scotland. Courtesy of the National Library of Scotland you can view every page of the document in full-colour and read an accompanying background essay.

Medieval History for use in the classroom:
National Archives: Medieval History 1066 – 1485
This offering from the UK National Archives provides educational resources and activities aimed at students in Key Stages 1 through 5. Major topics include the Domesday Book, an important historical resource from the time of William the Conqueror. It also leads to National Archives images, including the Magna Charta, Treaty of Calais chest, Caxton’s Page (first printed page in England), and others. There are also three lessons:

WHAT WAS CHERTSEY LIKE IN THE MIDDLE AGES?
MAPS PROVIDED BY THE UK NATIONAL ARCHIVES HELP STUDENTS LEARN ABOUT CHERTSEY, AN OLD MEDIEVAL TOWN THAT IS MENTIONED IN THE DOMESDAY BOOK.

A MEDIEVAL MYSTERY
THIS LINK IS TO A PDF DOCUMENT FROM THE UK NATIONAL ARCHIVES. IT DETAILS AN EXERCISE WHEREBY STUDENTS DECODE A CARTOON THAT REVEALS ATTITUDES TOWARDS JEWS IN MEDIEVAL ENGLAND IN THE13TH CENTURY.

WHAT CAN WE LEARN ABOUT ENGLAND IN THE 11TH CENTURY?
IN THIS LESSON STUDENTS EXAMINE THE DOMESDAY BOOK, THE OLDEST GOVERNMENT RECORD HELD IN THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES, AND ANSWER A SERIES OF RELATED QUESTIONS.

Dumbarton Oaks Byzantine Podcast
In an effort to keep moving forward, within the new parameters of COVID-19, the Byzantine Studies Program at Dumbarton Oaks has devised virtual encounters with scholars that will inform, entertain, and challenge the Byzantine scholarly community and colleagues in the Arts and the Humanities more broadly.

The Black Plague
Before going as a traveler on one of several journeys to start, either as a Pilgrim or as a Trader/Voyager you will need to research the plague. The plague was spread by these trading and pilgrim routes, as travelers went from town to town. Find out about the plague during modern times and during the Middle Ages. Use your journal to keep track of what you find out along the way. SCORE activity for middle schoolers.

BBC History: Ages of Treasure Timelines
From the Palaeolithic to the Norman Conquest, explore British archaeological sites and treasures from the past, then test yourself on the eras and events in the Ages of Treasure game.

BBC History: Kings and Queens Through Time
In this animated timeline you put the kings and queens of England, and later the United Kingdom, in their proper place. There are four periods to explore. The Plantagenets and the Houses of Lancaster and York are featured in the first period, the Tudors and Stuarts in the second, and the House of Hanover in the third. The timeline concludes with the Windsors.

Witness to Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War
Lesson plan from EDSITEment for grades 9-12 in which students read primary sources to understand Joan’s place in the history of the Hundred Years’ War.

Castles Around the World
Dozens of photos of European, Middle Eastern, and East Asian castles. Students are taught five key design objects of a castle and are challenged to identify how cultures across the globe build their castles differently, yet meet the same goals. See the bottom of the page for an large index of resources related to castles and manor houses.

Medieval Calendar Calculator
This tool generates calendars from the years 500-1582 with a variety of options to learn more about historic events and celebrations.

Activehistory.co.uk: Lessons, Activities, Games, and Quizzes
Activehistory.co.uk has a series of lessons and activities that are organized by subject and time period. They are for Year 7, Year 8, Year 9, GCSE, and A Level students and teachers. This is a subscription-based service, but one many teachers is worth the expense.

Mr. Donn’s Ancient History Page
Don Donn of the Corkran (Maryland) Middle School provides a complete unit with 17 daily lesson plans and unit test for sixth graders. There are also links to multiple K12 lesson plans and activities.

BBC: British History Timeline
This interactive British history timeline covers hundreds of events from the Neolithic to the present day.

BBC History Games: Anglo Saxon Coins
Find out more about Anglo-Saxon money by taking a closer look at the coins and the stories behind them. When you think you know enough, test yourself by playing ‘Coins’ and see if you can make money talk.

BBC History Games: Battle of Hastings
Play the game to re-enact the Battle of Hastings, which took place on 14 October, 1066.

BBC History: Kings and Queens Through Time
In this animated timeline you put the kings and queens of England, and later the United Kingdom, in their proper place. There are four periods to explore. The Plantagenets and the Houses of Lancaster and York are featured in the first period, the Tudors and Stuarts in the second, and the House of Hanover in the third. The timeline concludes with the Windsors.

BBC History: The Changing British Population Animation
Play the animation and track how key events in British history have affected the size of the British population.

BBC History: Norman Buildings Gallery
Part of the Norman Conquest exhibition.

BBC History: Build a Medieval Arch animation
Play the animation to find out how medieval masons built cathedral arches – without the benefits of modern technology.

The Medieval Arms Race
A PBS Nova site, it describes and illustrates some of the major weapons and strategies used in what became a medieval arms race. Clear, easy to follow, and appropriate for young students.

Destroy the Castle
This Nova Science challenges students to engineer a trebuchet that can knock down a castle wall. Fun and engaging.

Life in a Castle
This Nova Science interview Professor Richard Holmes, a British military historian talks about everyday life in a medieval English castle.

The Black Plague
Before going as a traveler on one of several journeys, starting either as a Pilgrim or as aTrader/Voyager, you will need to research the plague. The plague was spread by these trading and pilgrim routes, as travelers went from town to town. Find out about the plague during modern times and during the Middle Ages. Use your journal to keep track of what you find out along the way. SCORE activity for middle schoolers.

Pilgrimage
This website provides an overview of pilgrimages to special holy places called shrines.

Jousting Game
Jousts were carefully organized events and in this tudorbritain.org simulation students get the chance to take part in a joust.

A Medieval Cartoon
Unravel the meaning of this 1233 medieval cartoon. From the National Archives Learning Curve. Key Stage 3.

BBC History: Ages of Treasure Timeline
From the Palaeolithic to the Norman Conquest, explore British archaeological sites and treasures from the past, then test yourself on the eras and events in the Ages of Treasure game.

Was Richard II Mad?
In this National Archives podcast Terry Jones,( ‘Python’, historian, broadcaster, actor, director and comedian) attempts to rescue Richard II’s reputation and expose the turbulent world of 14th century politics.

Two Crowns, One King: Henry V and the Treaty of Troyes
In this National Archives podcast explores whether the signing of the Treaty of Troyes in 1420 was Henry V’s greatest victory.

BBC History Trail: Church and State
Discover how the Palace of Westminster and churches throughout the country can be read to reveal the history of Britain.

AP European History Web Links and Primary Source Documents
Historyteacher.net offers 1000s of links to great web sites and primary source documents. Just pick a topic and go to that page where you will find a large number of links that can be used for research and study. You will also be directed to in-depth, detail-linked class assignments on several topics.

Mr. Dowling’s Electronic Passport: Middle Ages
Mr. Dowling’s Electronic Passport helps kids browse the world in his virtual classroom. He introduces you to many civilizations with clear explanations, engaging graphics for kids, and “cool links”. His study guides, homework assignments, and exams are free and available for you to print or to edit.

Brief Review in Global History and Geography: Document Based Essays and Practice Tests
PH@School’s Brief Review in Global History and Geography Web site provides multiple-choice questions from actual Regents exams. You can also practice your test-taking skills on document-based essay questions (DBQs), with the option of e-mailing answers directly to your teacher for review.